Interesting is the fact that investigation is a genus of two species, namely: public investigation and private investigation.
Public investigation in Brazil is carried out by the state and federal police, which investigate crimes of unconditional public prosecution, crimes of public prosecution conditional on the victim’s representation, and crimes of private prosecution, in these cases only and only when there is interest of the offended.
Crimes of unconditional public prosecution: are those criminal types in which the State is interested in elucidating the perpetrators in order to maintain social peace, with the public prosecutor as the holder of the prosecution, such as the crimes of homicide, theft , etc;
*Crimes of public criminal action subject to representation: are those criminal types in which the State has an interest in uncovering their perpetrators, however the alleged interest should not outweigh the interest of the victim, with the public prosecutor also being the holder of the criminal action, such as threatening crimes, secret disclosure, etc;
*Private criminal action crimes: are those criminal types that the State will only investigate their authorship and materiality, if the offended individual so wishes, in this case, unlike the two options above, the holder of the action is the so-called plaintiff who will prosecute the author of the fact, represented by a lawyer with a specific power of attorney for such, such as the crimes of libel, libel, etc; The private or private investigation, on the other hand, is precisely the work carried out by the PRIVATE DETECTIVE, which provides evidence within the desideratum/purpose desired by the client, whether in a personal investigation, in a marital investigation, or in a business investigation.
*Personal Investigation: used when an individual in his/her private life needs information, data or clarification about a certain fact or person in order to prevent a specified problem or to repress a doubt that already exists; -Conjugal Investigation: used in cases of infidelity between a man and a woman in love, married or living in a stable union and, also, in a homosexual relationship, where one seeks to catch the other party’s betrayal in order to produce evidence of this fact;